0.3 episode/1,000 catheter days 4.7%, 95% CI log-rank p = 0.04, in pre-REDS and REDS time, respectively). There were also significantly fewer episodes of ESI complicated with catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI) requiring the CTC removal (0.6 episode/1,000 catheter days 18.6%, 95% CI vs. The 2-year cumulative incidence of the CTC exit site infection (ESI) dropped significantly (log-rank p < 0.001) from 0.89 episode/1,000 catheter days (53.5%, 95% CI ) in the period before REDS was used-to 0.26 episode/1,000 catheter days (18.6%, 95% CI ) in the time of REDS application. The results, as well as follow-up evaluation of participants, were compared. The same cohort of the 40 patients was observed for 4 years altogether: 2 years before and 2 years after REDS application. The study aims at evaluating the impact of the implementation of the innovative redness, edema, discharge and tenderness, symptoms (REDS) scale (devised by the authors) for the description of the tunnel condition on the frequency of infection in long-term catheter users.
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